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SAB (SAG mill-Ball mill) circuit:
Ore fed into SAG mill for primary grinding
SAG mill discharge classified by trommel or screen
Oversize material recycled back to SAG mill feed
Undersize material proceeds to ball mill for further grinding
No dedicated crusher in the circuit
SABC (SAG mill-Ball mill-Crusher) circuit:
Ore fed into SAG mill for primary grinding
SAG mill discharge classified by trommel or screen
Oversize material sent to crusher, then recycled back to SAG mill
Undersize material proceeds to ball mill for further grinding
Secondary Crush SABC circuit:
Ore undergoes primary crushing
Material then passes through a secondary crusher before SAG mill
Crushed ore fed into SAG mill for grinding
SAG mill discharge classified by trommel or screen
Oversize from screen typically goes to pebble crusher, then back to SAG
Screen undersize proceeds to ball mill for final grinding
Used for harder ores or to increase overall circuit capacity
HPGR (High Pressure Grinding Rolls) circuit:
Primary crushing of run-of-mine ore
Secondary crushing
HPGR feed preparation (typically screening to remove fines)
HPGR for size reduction
HPGR product screening
Oversize recycled back to HPGR feed
Undersize to next processing stage (often ball milling)
Flash flotation in a ball milling circuit:
Positioned at the discharge of the ball mill or within the classification circuit
Treats a portion of the circulating load or cyclone feed
Aims to recover liberated valuable minerals quickly before overgrinding
Uses a specially designed flotation cell for fast-floating particles
Concentrate from flash flotation typically reports to final concentrate or cleaner circuit
Tailings return to the milling circuit for further grinding